CD24, CD44 and EpCAM enrich for tumour-initiating cells in a newly established patient-derived xenograft of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Hoe, Susan Ling Ling and Tan, Lu Ping and Abdul Aziz, Norazlin and Liew, Kitson and Teow, Sin Yeang * and Abdul Razak, Fazlyn Reeny and Chin, Yoon Ming and Mohamed Shahrehan, Nurul Ashikin and Chu, Tai Lin and Mohd Kornain, Noor Kaslina and Peh, Suat Cheng * and Koay, Cheng Eng and Lo, Kwok-Wai and Ahmad, Munirah and Ng, Ching-Ching and Khoo, Alan Soo Beng (2017) CD24, CD44 and EpCAM enrich for tumour-initiating cells in a newly established patient-derived xenograft of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Scientific Reports, 7 (1). p. 12372. ISSN 2045-2322

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Abstract

Subpopulations of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) contain cells with differential tumourigenic properties. Our study evaluates the tumourigenic potential of CD24, CD44, EpCAM and combination of EpCAM/CD44 cells in NPC. CD44br and EpCAMbr cells enriched for higher S-phase cell content, fastergrowing tumourigenic cells leading to tumours with larger volume and higher mitotic figures. Although CD44br and EpCAMbr cells significantly enriched for tumour-initiating cells (TICs), all cells could retain self-renewal property for at least four generations. Compared to CD44 marker alone, EpCAM/CD44dbr marker did not enhance for cells with faster-growing ability or higher TIC frequency. Cells expressing high CD44 or EpCAM had lower KLF4 and p21 in NPC subpopulations. KLF4-overexpressed EpCAMbr cells had slower growth while Kenpaullone inhibition of KLF4 transcription increased in vitro cell proliferation. Compared to non-NPC, NPC specimens had increased expression of EPCAM, of which tumours from advanced stage of NPC had higher expression. Together, our study provides evidence that EpCAM is a potentially important marker in NPC.

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